Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Fonetik Bibyin Swanta

Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Fonetik Bibyin Swanta (Za̱FBS ku IPA) ji yet vak lyuut nwunwuat fonetik hwa nang a̱yaagwaklyenlilyem ba ku bwuo a̱ni mat lyuut nwunwuat lilyem á̱nietbishyi vwuon ma̱ a̱ca̱caat (nfon ku nfonim), a̱wot ku si̱ vwuon ma̱ng kuzang tangka̱i lyuut mi̱ swanta hu. Á̱ ku fa lyuut huni ku yet lyuut kidee hwa nang á̱ na nkyiak á̱ lyuut a̱mgba̱m lilyem nang á̱ lyiat mi̱ swanta hu a̱ni.

Wat huni tyai da̱ a̱ka̱nyiung, a̱yaalama nang á̱ nyia̱ ta̱m ma̱ng a̱mba a̱ni mi̱ Za̱FBS ji. Ma̱nang á̱ nnyia̱ ta̱m ma̱ng a̱mba da̱ a̱mgba̱m lilyem hwa a̱ni, ku na vwuoa̱khwu á̱ wa̱i á̱niet ba̱ lyiat Tyap ba ndyo si̱sak nang á̱ ngyei nwunwuat hu a̱mgba̱m. Mat a̱nia wa, á̱ si̱ kin tyia̱ a̱yaalama ba di̱n-sot di̱n-sot ca̱caat ma̱ng li mba hu, ku nkap a̱bwonu na nang á̱ nyia̱ ta̱m ma̱ng á̱na a̱ni di̱ yei hu. Kidee, á̱ ni̱ ngyei a̱nwuat a̱gha̱ghap a̱nyunyung ka ma̱ng a̱nyunyung bya a̱wot á̱ ba̱ yei a̱nwuat a̱gha̱ghap nkwa-a̱nu ka ma̱ng fa̱p-a̱nu ka mbeang kwatak-a̱nu hu hwa.

Á̱ bye nshyia̱ ngwat na̱ wa̱i yei hu di̱ lilyem vwuon a̱nyanyin mi̱ Sa:Yei ca̱caat ma̱ng a̱lyem.

A̱yaagha̱ghap (pulmonic)

	Bilabial	Labiodental	Linguolabial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal/ Epiglottal		Glottal
Plosive	p    b	p̪    b̪	t̼    d̼	t̪    d̪	t    d		ʈ    ɖ	c    ɟ	k    ɡ	q    ɢ	ʡ		ʔ
Nasal	m	ɱ	n̼	n̪	n		ɳ	ɲ	ŋ	ɴ
Trill	ʙ		r̼	r̪	r					ʀ	ʜ    ʢ
Tap or Flap	ⱱ̟	ⱱ	ɾ̼	ɾ̪	ɾ		ɽ			ɢ̆
Lateral Tap or Flap					ɺ		𝼈	ʎ̯	ʟ̆
Fricative	ɸ    β	f    v	θ̼    ð̼	θ    ð s̪    z̪	s    z	ʃ    ʒ	ʂ    ʐ	ç    ʝ	x    ɣ	χ    ʁ	ħ    ʕ		h    ɦ
Approximant	β̞	ʋ		ð̞	ɹ		ɻ	j	ɰ
Lateral Fricative				ɬ̪    ɮ̪	ɬ    ɮ		ꞎ    𝼅	𝼆    ʎ̝/𝼆̬	𝼄    ʟ̝/𝼄̬
Lateral Approximant			l̼	l̪	l		ɭ	ʎ	ʟ

• A̱vwuo ka nang a̱yaalama ba shyia̱ di̱n ce a̱ni, a̱si̱ a̱zayak wu yong da̱ a̱kwonu a̱gha̱ghap a̱ byia̱ a̱nwuat wa a̱ni.
• Tityan ji̱ byia̱ ghwughwu a̱ni tyai nwunwuat nang á̱ ku faat a̱lyiat ku na tyia̱ bah.

A̱yaagha̱ghap (non-pulmonic)

Clicks		Voiced implosives		Ejectives
ʘ	Bilabial click release	ɓ	Bilabial voiced implosive	ʼ	For example:
ǀ	Dental click release	ɗ	Alveolar voiced implosive	pʼ	Bilabial ejective stop
ǃ	(Post)alveolar click release	ᶑ	Retroflex voiced implosive	tʼ	Alveolar ejective stop
ǂ	Palatal click release	ʄ	Palatal voiced implosive	kʼ	Velar ejective stop
𝼊	Retroflex click release	ɠ	Velar voiced implosive	sʼ	Alveolar ejective fricative
ǁ	Lateral click release	ʛ	Uvular voiced implosive	t͡ʃʼ	Post-alveolar ejective affricate

A̱yaatsa̱ntsai

	A̱zanson	Kp.-a̱zanson	A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱	Kp.-a̱zama	A̱zama
Nyim	i•y ɨ•ʉ ɯ•u ɪ•ʏ ʊ e•ø ɘ•ɵ ɤ•o ə ɛ•œ ɜ•ɞ ʌ•ɔ æ ɐ a•ɶ ɑ•ɒ
Kpa̱mkpaan-nyim
Nyim-a̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱
A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱
Khwuk-a̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱
Kpa̱mkpaan-khwuk
Khwuk

• Tyan ji nang a̱yaalama ba tyai di̱n-ce di̱n-ce a̱ni, a̱si̱ a̱zayak ka, kikya yong da̱ a̱kwonu a̱tsa̱ntsai kaat-a̱nu wu.

Co-articulated consonants

ʍ	Voiceless labial-velar fricative
w	Voiced labial-velar approximant
ɥ	Voiced labial-palatal approximant
ɕ ʑ	Alveolo-palatal fricatives
ɧ	Simultaneous ʃ and x

• Affricates and double articulations can be represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar if necessary:
  k͡p   t͡s

Suprasegmentals

ˈ	Primary stress (indicated before the stressed element)
ˌ	Secondary stress (indicated before the stressed element)
ː	Long
ˑ	Half-long
˘	Extra-short
Ta‌̱mpi‌̱let:unsupported	Syllable break
ǀ	Minor (foot) group
ǁ	Major (intonation) group
‿	Linking (absence of a break)

Tones and word accents

˥	꜒	Extra-high (top) tone
˦	꜓	Mid-high tone
˧	꜔	Mid tone
˨	꜕	Mid-low tone
˩	꜖	Extra-low (bottom) tone
ꜛ	ꜜ	Upstep and downstep

Tone letters may come before or after a word or syllable. In the IPA Handbook, they come before to indicate prosodic pitch in Portuguese, and after to indicate lexical tone in Cantonese.

They may also face left or right. The distinction is used for tone sandhi.

Upstep and downstep always come before the syllable.

Diacritics

Diacritics may be placed above a symbol with a descender, e.g. ŋ̊.

̥	Kasang-a̱nwuat	̤	Breathy voiced	̪	A̱nwuat a̱nyunyung
̬	Kabyia̱-a̱nwuat	̰	Creaky voiced	̺	Apical
ʰ	Aspirated	̼	Linguolabial	̻	Laminal
̹	More rounded	ʷ	Labialized	̃	Nasalized
̜	Less rounded	ʲ	Palatalized	ⁿ	Nasal release
̟	Advanced	ˠ	Velarized	ˡ	Lateral release
̠	Retracted	ˁ	Pharyngealized	̚	No audible release
̈	Centralized	̴	Velarized or pharyngealized
̽	Mid-centralized	̝	Raised (ɹ̝ = voiced alveolar fricative)
̩	Syllabic	̞	Lowered (β̞ = voiced bilabial approximant)
̯	Non-syllabic	̘	Advanced tongue root
˞	Rhoticity	̙	Retracted tongue root
͍	Labial spreading	͈	Strong articulation	͊	Denasal
͆	Dentolabial	͉	Weak articulation	͋	Nasal escape
̪͆	Interdental/Bidental	\	Reiterated articulation	͌	Velopharyngeal friction
͇	Alveolar	͎	Whistled articulation	↓	Ingressive airflow
̼	Linguolabial	͢	Sliding articulation	↑	Egressive airflow

Bu nwuan

• Wukipedia: International Phonetic Alphabet
• Wukipedia: pronunciation respelling for English
• Wukipedia: rhotic and non-rhotic dialects
• Wikipedia: long vowels

Ya̱fang

Zwunzwuo-a̱lyem Fonetik Bibyin Swanta di̱ Wukipedia.Wukipedia ^kcg

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